{"id":1691,"date":"2023-03-20T12:58:21","date_gmt":"2023-03-19T23:58:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marketingwebsite.afirmo.com\/nz\/?p=1691"},"modified":"2023-05-25T14:15:42","modified_gmt":"2023-05-25T02:15:42","slug":"a-beginners-guide-to-tax-for-self-employed-people","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.afirmo.com\/nz\/resources\/a-beginners-guide-to-tax-for-self-employed-people\/","title":{"rendered":"A beginner\u2019s guide to tax for self-employed people"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you work for yourself, even if it\u2019s just part-time or as side gig, you have to declare that income and pay the right amount of tax to Inland Revenue each year. It\u2019s important to keep track of how much you\u2019re likely to owe, so you can set enough aside as you earn. But it\u2019s not quite as simple as putting aside something like a third of what you earn as a sole trader each time you get paid, although that\u2019s a reasonable ballpark.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Everyone\u2019s situation is different, so we\u2019ve written this basic guide to help you get started on understanding how it all works and calculating your likely tax bill.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>How much tax does a sole trader pay?<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a sole trader or contractor you\u2019re responsible for all the deductions an employer would normally make on your behalf. These can include taxes and other income-related payments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Taxes:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Income tax<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GST \u2013 if you\u2019re registered for GST (see below)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ACC payments<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Non-tax payments you may also need to allow for, which aren\u2019t covered in this article:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">KiwiSaver contributions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Student loan repayments<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Child support payments<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your annual tax bill will depend on:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How much you earn from all income sources, such as self-employment, PAYE employment, rent received, interest and dividends<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How much tax you\u2019ve already paid during the year through things like PAYE income tax or resident withholding tax (RWT) on interest and dividends<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Any tax deductible expenses related to earning your sole trader income<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How risky ACC thinks your type of sole trader work is (your industry category)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So let\u2019s take a look at how the taxes and ACC payments work.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Income tax when you\u2019re self-employed<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The income tax everyone pays in New Zealand is based on how much they have earned from all sources of income, less any tax deductible expenses, during the tax year (1 April to 31 March).\u00a0 There isn\u2019t just one tax rate. Instead there are tax brackets that each person\u2019s taxable income is separated into and each bracket has its own tax rate.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here\u2019s an example of how it would work if your total taxable income for the year was $60,000.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 430px;\" width=\"611\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Bracket<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Tax rate<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Your income split<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Your tax to pay<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0 &#8211; $14,000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10.5%<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$14,000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$1,470<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$14,001 &#8211; $48,000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">17.5%<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$34,000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$5,950<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$48,001 &#8211; $70,000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30%<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$12,000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$3,600<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$70,001 &#8211; $180,000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">33%<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$180,001 and above<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">39%<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>TOTALS<\/b><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><b>$60,000<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>$11,020<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As you can see, in this case only $12,000 of your annual taxable income will be taxed at 30%. The other two rates are quite a bit lower, so your total income tax for the year would be only $11,020.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, if you had a <a href=\"https:\/\/marketingwebsite.afirmo.com\/nz\/calculators\/paye-calculator\/\">PAYE job<\/a> earning $48,000, your employer would have already deducted the tax and other payments based on that income. So you\u2019d need to set aside $3,600 to cover the tax on your $12,000 self-employed income, plus any ACC and other payments based on that income.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>GST when you\u2019re self-employed<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you think your taxable income from self-employed work will be more than $60,000 for the coming year, you have to register for GST with Inland Revenue, otherwise it\u2019s optional.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you\u2019re registered for GST you have to add 15% onto what you charge customers and issue receipts or invoices that show the GST amount. You\u2019re really just collecting GST on behalf of the government and you pay it to Inland Revenue at regular intervals.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019re <a href=\"https:\/\/marketingwebsite.afirmo.com\/nz\/resources\/how-to-register-for-gst-in-new-zealand\/\">registered for GS<\/a>T, you can claim back the <a href=\"https:\/\/marketingwebsite.afirmo.com\/nz\/resources\/claiming-back-your-gst\/\">GST you have paid on expenses<\/a> related to earning your self-employed income. You simply subtract the GST you\u2019re claiming from the GST you\u2019ve collected before filing your regular GST returns and paying the balance to Inland Revenue.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>ACC payments when you\u2019re self-employed<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In New Zealand, ACC payments are made by employers and income earners. There are three income-related levies and the rates are regularly reviewed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>ACC liable income<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The levies are based on your liable income, which has a minimum and maximum value. For the 2022\/2023 tax year they were $42,465 and $136,544 respectively.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If your income is less than the minimum value, ACC just uses the minimum value as your liable income. If you earn more than the maximum value, ACC just uses the maximum value. However, if you\u2019re self-employed and work part-time (30 hours or less a week on average) ACC will use your actual liable income, even if it\u2019s less than their minimum value.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>ACC levies and rates<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are the ACC levy rates for the 2023\/2024 tax year.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Earners\u2019 levy &#8211; $1.33 per $100 of liable income<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Working safer levy &#8211; $0.08 per $100 of liable income\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Work levy \u2013 the rate per $100 of liable income depends on the type of work or your industry classification unit (CU)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Employers deduct the earners\u2019 levy on ACC\u2019s behalf from each employee\u2019s liable income. Employers also pay the working safer levy based on liable income paid (payroll) and the work levy, which is based on their industry CU, their claim history and liable income paid (payroll).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>When you\u2019re self-employed<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you\u2019re self-employed, you\u2019re responsible for paying all three levies. Inland Revenue sends your end-of-year tax return information to ACC, who use it to calculate your levies and send you an invoice around September.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you also have some <a href=\"https:\/\/marketingwebsite.afirmo.com\/nz\/resources\/your-guide-to-paye-in-new-zealand\/\">PAYE income<\/a> from an employer, your ACC invoice will only relate to your self-employed income, since the PAYE income based levies will have already been paid.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The default ACC cover for self-employed people is called CoverPlus. If you have an accident and can\u2019t work they\u2019ll pay 80% of your previous year\u2019s taxable income. The other option is called CoverPlus Extra. It lets you choose how much of your income you would be paid. The amount you choose affects your annual ACC charge.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ACC website has <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.acc.co.nz\/for-business\/received-an-invoice\/calculate-your-levies\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">levy calculators<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for both types of self-employed cover to help you plan ahead.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Next steps<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you\u2019re setting up your own business it pays to get some professional advice from an accountant or business specialist, at least to get you started.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Afirmo offers a handy range of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.afirmo.com\/nz\/our-tools\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">free business set up tools<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that guide you through the essential steps, including tools for sorting the money and tax side of things.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Afirmo\u2019s Tax Tool allows you to calculate and <a href=\"https:\/\/marketingwebsite.afirmo.com\/nz\/our-tools\/tax-tool\/\">pay your GST and Income Tax bills with ease<\/a>. It is suitable for <a href=\"https:\/\/marketingwebsite.afirmo.com\/nz\/sole-trader-nz\/\">Sole Traders<\/a>, Partnership and <a href=\"https:\/\/marketingwebsite.afirmo.com\/nz\/company-registration\/\">Limited Liability Companies<\/a>. The Tax Tool uses sales invoice, expense claims and bank transaction data to calculate your tax liabilities. In addition to the Tax Tool, Afirmo offers tax expert support if you need help. <a href=\"https:\/\/marketingwebsite.afirmo.com\/nz\/our-tools\/tax-tool\/\">Find out more here<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>You can also check out our <a href=\"https:\/\/marketingwebsite.afirmo.com\/nz\/calculators\/self-employment-tax-calculator\/\">helpful self employed tax calculator here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When you work for yourself, even if it\u2019s just part-time<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1692,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[20,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1691","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-editors-picks","category-money-and-tax"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - 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