{"id":1782,"date":"2023-04-17T09:53:44","date_gmt":"2023-04-16T21:53:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marketingwebsite.afirmo.com\/nz\/?p=1782"},"modified":"2024-01-16T13:05:27","modified_gmt":"2024-01-16T00:05:27","slug":"how-to-avoid-paying-more-tax-than-you-need-to","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.afirmo.com\/nz\/resources\/how-to-avoid-paying-more-tax-than-you-need-to\/","title":{"rendered":"How do I avoid paying more tax than I need to?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This article is designed to help you get started on the basics, so you don\u2019t miss out. However, everyone\u2019s situation is different, so it\u2019s always a good idea to talk with a tax specialist or accountant; even if it\u2019s just to check you\u2019re set up correctly.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Know and meet your tax deadlines<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the most important ways to avoid paying too much is to file your tax returns and pay your tax on time. If you don\u2019t, you risk having to pay interest as well as a penalty fine. It\u2019s important to identify your tax dates and put them in your calendar every year.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019re registered for GST or have to pay provisional tax, you can have multiple filing and payment dates throughout the year. It\u2019s worth checking you have these dates right <span class=\"ui-provider ed bal azq bam ban bao bap baq bar bas bat bau bav baw bax bay baz bba bbb bbc bbd bbe bbf bbg bbh bbi bbj bbk bbl bbm bbn bbo bbp bbq bbr\" dir=\"ltr\">for your situation, by talking with one of Afirmo&#8217;s tax experts.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether you\u2019re a sole trader, partnership or registered company, the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.afirmo.com\/nz\/our-tools\/tax-tool\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Afirmo Tax Tool<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can calculate your income tax, GST, ACC levies and student loan repayments (if you have them). It keeps a running tally of how things stand on a handy dashboard and lets you know when each Inland Revenue payment will be due. You can file returns and make payments yourself, or get an Afirmo expert to check and file them for you.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you ever think you might not be able to pay your tax on time, be sure to contact Inland Revenue before the due date and discuss the support they might have available.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Top tip:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In your first year of business, if you pay tax before the end of the year you might get a handy discount.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Claim all business-related expenses<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether you\u2019re self-employed, a sole trader or have set your business up as a company, you pay tax on your profit, not your income. Your profit is your income minus any business-related expenses. These expenses are any money you paid for things that were required to earn the income referred to in the calculation.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Taxable profit = Income \u2013 Expenses<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since you only pay tax on your profit, it is sometimes referred to as your \u2018taxable income\u2019. By claiming all legitimate expenses, you minimise your taxable income and therefore the tax you have to pay.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Tips for recording and claiming expenses<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you have a separate business bank account and make all business-related purchases through it, you\u2019ll automatically have good electronic records of all expenses.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keep copies of all invoices you had to pay and receipts for purchases made for your business<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you file your tax returns, just enter the amounts you are claiming. You don\u2019t have to provide copies of invoices and receipts, but you do have to keep them for seven years in case Inland Revenue wants to audit your tax returns.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If some of your business bank account transactions have a non-business (personal use) component, you can only claim the business-related amount as an expense; the rest should be reconciled (noted) as a payment to you (drawings).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019re registered for GST, you use the GST exclusive amounts for expenses when deducting them from your income. You claim the GST portion separately in your GST return. If you\u2019re not registered for GST, you just use the GST inclusive amounts for your business-related expenses and income tax deductions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Online accounting packages, such as the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.afirmo.com\/nz\/our-tools\/money-tool\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Afirmo Money Tool<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, can automatically download your bank account transactions each day. All you have to do is allocate each one to an income or expense category and your totals will be already done when it comes to tax time. They also let you split expense transactions across more than one category if necessary, including a category for personal drawings.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Claim home office expenses<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you use a home office or workshop for your business, you can claim a portion of expenses related to your home. The portion you can claim is simply the floor area of your office or workshop as a percentage of your home\u2019s total floor area.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Claimable percentage = (Office area \/ House area) x 100<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The office or workshop area needs to be set aside for business use only. If it is also used for non-business reasons, then you have to work out the typical percentage of time it\u2019s used for business and adjust your claimable area percentage accordingly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So if your office area is 10% of the house area, but you only use it for 40 of the 168 hours in a week and the rest of the time it\u2019s used as someone\u2019s bedroom, then the claimable area comes down to (40\/168) x 10% = 2.4%. The same would apply if you use your garage as a workshop some of the time or you set up with a laptop at the dining room table during the day.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The house expenses you can claim a portion of include things like your council rates, electricity, gas, internet charges, mortgage interest, house insurance, repairs and maintenance (but not value-adding improvements).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Inland Revenue website has more on <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ird.govt.nz\/income-tax\/income-tax-for-businesses-and-organisations\/types-of-business-expenses\/using-your-home-for-your-business\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">how to claim home office expenses<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Claim vehicle expenses<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If a vehicle is only used for activity related to generating the income in your tax calculation, then you can deduct all running costs in full. This includes fuel (electricity for an EV), servicing, registration, WoF, road user charges, insurance, parking, tyre replacement and so on. The initial purchase cost of the vehicle is not claimable; instead you claim its loss in value (depreciation) each year.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If it\u2019s your own vehicle and is used for business and personal trips, you can only claim for the business-related portion of total use. Personal use includes driving the vehicle from home to work.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To establish the amount of business use, you can keep a log book for at least 90 days every three years. You can then claim the business use percentage of all actual expenses or Inland Revenue\u2019s kilometre rate for the year. Their kilometre rate includes depreciation. If you don\u2019t keep a log book you can only claim up to 25% of the running costs. Inland Revenue may ask you to justify the percentage you\u2019ve chosen.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019ve set your business up as a company (not a sole trader or a partnership) and the business owns the vehicle, then it may have to pay fringe benefit tax (FBT) for the personal use by employees or shareholder employees. The tax is based on the number of days the vehicle is available for personal use, not the time it is actually used.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Claim business loan interest<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The interest you pay on a loan for business purposes is a tax deductible expense, although this is being phased out for investment property businesses. The loan needs to be entirely for the business.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sole traders often put their own money into their business, despite having a personal mortgage or home loan. If they used that money to reduce their mortgage and borrowed for the business instead, they would be able to claim the full interest cost. This may or may not be the best option for your situation, but it\u2019s worth discussing it with a business specialist or accountant.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Claim depreciation on assets<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you buy something your business needs to generate income and that item will be kept for more than a year, it is known as a \u2018capital asset\u2019, unless it has a value of less than $1,000. Instead of claiming the full cost in the first year, you\u2019re only allowed to claim its loss in value (depreciation) each year. Inland Revenue sets the rate to be used for different assets. You have to keep records of the depreciated value (book value) at the end of each year and use this as the starting value for the next year. The Inland Revenue website has <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ird.govt.nz\/income-tax\/income-tax-for-businesses-and-organisations\/types-of-business-expenses\/depreciation\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">more on asset depreciation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Claim entertainment expenses<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are strict rules around what can be called business-related entertainment. Also, you can claim 50% of some and 100% of others. If the entertainment expense benefits an employee, the business may have to pay fringe benefit tax on the benefit provided. It pays to get advice about entertainment expenses from a tax specialist or accountant. In the meantime, the Inland Revenue website has <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ird.govt.nz\/income-tax\/income-tax-for-businesses-and-organisations\/types-of-business-expenses\/entertainment-expenses\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">more on entertainment expenses<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Claim for business travel<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If a trip involves any personal time, you can only claim the business-related portion. For example, if you travelled for a business meeting on a Friday and could have returned that day but stayed on for a weekend away, you can only claim a third of the travel expenses (typically airfares and accommodation).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Claim for charitable donations<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If your business is set up as a registered company, it can deduct any charitable donation from its income, as it would for a legitimate business expense.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019re a sole trader, employee or individual in a partnership, you claim a tax credit instead. This is separate from your income tax return. You can make a tax credit claim and submit donation receipts to Inland Revenue online at any time during the year. It\u2019s also possible to do it using a paper-based form at the end of the year. The Inland Revenue website has more on <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ird.govt.nz\/income-tax\/income-tax-for-individuals\/individual-tax-credits\/tax-credits-for-donations\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">claiming tax credits for donations as an individual<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Next steps<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether you\u2019re already in business or about to set up, Afirmo will help to ensure you\u2019re on the right track. There\u2019s even a deductions calculator to help you pay the right amount of tax. And when you need some experienced advice Afirmo experts are available to help.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For more, see how small businesses all over New Zealand are doing better with the help of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.afirmo.com\/nz\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Afirmo tools and expert support<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This article is designed to help you get started on<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1862,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1782","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-money-and-tax"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How do I avoid paying more tax than I need to? 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